3D printing in osteosarcoma of the scapula: a unique case

Abstract

Background: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumour that typically originates in long bones. We present a case of a subject afflicted by osteosarcoma in the left shoulder, an extremely uncommon location.

Case report: The subject, a 14-year-old adolescent, presented with a manifestation of osteosarcoma in an atypical location, namely the left shoulder. Radiographic analysis, including scapula plain radiograph, identified a radiodense lesion. Subsequent computed tomography disclosed compromised cortical integrity without medullary tissue involvement. Histological verification confirmed osteosarcoma. The absence of a commercially available suitably sized endoprosthesis for this unique anatomical location prompted the innovative use of a 3D-printed version based on the dimensions of the unaffected right shoulder. Post scapulectomy, a hernia mesh was employed for glenoid capsule reconstruction, ensuring subluxation prevention and yielding excellent postoperative outcomes.

Discussion: This case underscores the complexities and innovations in osteosarcoma treatment when occurring in unconventional anatomical sites, exemplified by its manifestation in the scapula. The integration of 3D-printing technology emerges as a promising avenue for tailoring solutions in orthopaedic oncology, particularly addressing the constraints posed by the absence of commercially available devices for rare anatomical locations.

Conclusion: Managing scapular osteosarcoma necessitates innovative approaches. The incorporation of 3D-printing technology and the unconventional use of hernia mesh exemplify a viable strategy for achieving successful outcomes in challenging cases, emphasising the importance of adapting techniques to unique clinical scenarios.

Level of evidence: Level 4